Farm Journal ~ November

Fall colors are at their peak in the field as photosynthesis ceases. Chlorophyll, created during that photosynthesis, from early spring through early fall, each leaf a tiny solar panel, accounted for the leaves' green pigment. Now other pigments dominate each plant: carotenoids account for the yellow, orange, and brown pigments on the leaves and anthocyanin, which accounts for the berries' blue color, will soon appear as the crimson tint on winter canes. The plants were industrious in early fall, setting next season's fruit buds. These will start to harden off with a tough layer of skin for protection as the leaves fall. Everything is timed to light and temperature. And "sap," which circulates nutrients and water from the soil and the leaves, will descend into the roots and manufacture a natural botanic antifreeze as dormancy sets in later this month. All this is going on within each plant while we get to enjoy their colorful display. 

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